Uncovering the Influence of Filter Bubbles: How They Shape Public Opinion and Construct Reality on Social Media

Abstract

Social media has become an integral part of everyday life, facilitating the exchange of information and interaction between individuals globally. However, beyond the convenience and connectivity it offers, social media also has complex and sometimes undesirable impacts. One phenomenon that is gaining increasing attention is filter bubbles, a term that refers to information environments personalized by social media platform algorithms, which tend to reinforce existing views and limit exposure to alternative points of view. This research analyzes the impact of filter bubbles on the formation of public opinion and the construction of reality on social media. Findings suggest that filter bubbles amplify ideological polarization, limit the quality of political participation, and create an environment that strengthens confirmation bias. Its impact is not only limited to forming opinions, but also affects the mental health of individuals and the formation of their identity. Efforts to overcome the negative impacts of filter bubbles require collaboration between government, social media platforms, academics and civil society. Increasing media and information literacy, transparency in the use of personalization algorithms, and the promotion of inclusive and open dialogue about the impact of social media are important steps in facing this challenge. Although filter bubbles have significant negative impacts, the positive potential of social media in giving voice to marginalized individuals and facilitating social change must also be recognized.